Microsoft warns that Chinese state-affiliated social media users have been able to successfully impersonate US voters.
Microsoft Warns of Chinese State-Affiliated Actors Impersonating U.S. Voters
In a recent threat intelligence report published by Microsoft, the organization highlighted the growing capabilities of Chinese and North Korean state actors to disrupt the United States and its allies. Of particular concern were the Chinese social media campaigns, which have now gained the ability to impersonate U.S. voters and exert influence on the U.S. electoral system.
“Chinese online influence campaigns have long relied on sheer volume to reach users through networks of inauthentic social media accounts,” the report stated. “Since 2022, however, China-aligned social media networks have engaged directly with authentic users on social media, targeted specific candidates in content about U.S. elections, and posed as American voters.”
This new tactic was first observed prior to the 2022 midterm elections. Microsoft identified several behaviors that indicated the users’ status as Chinese agents, such as posting in Mandarin initially before switching to another language, engaging with content from other China-aligned assets immediately after posting, and utilizing a “seed and amplifier” pattern of interaction.
Despite these recognizable patterns, the users displayed a level of sophistication that deviated from previous behaviors, making them less obvious. The report explained, “Unlike earlier [influence operation] campaigns from CCP-affiliated actors that used easy-to-spot computer-generated handles, display names, and profile pictures, these more sophisticated accounts are operated by real people who employ fictitious or stolen identities to conceal the accounts’ affiliation with the CCP.”
Microsoft believes that the behavior of these accounts indicates their association with an elite group within the Chinese Ministry of Public Security known as the 912 Special Project Working Group. This group is known for operating a troll farm and creating fake online personas to target pro-democracy users.
While the new fake accounts are more sophisticated than previous iterations, they still exhibit weaknesses. For instance, Microsoft provided an example of a Chinese operative posing as a U.S. conservative voter, whose post contained confusing and inauthentic-sounding wording that a genuine U.S. social media account would be unlikely to use.
“America would not exist without the long work of the black people. I think Biden is very extreme. In the coming days, if the black people continue to be discriminated against, whoever caused it will pay the price,” the example post read.
This text was accompanied by a Black Lives Matter graphic with similarly confusing wording, stating, “Most black people are killed by police in the name of traffic safety.” Interestingly, the graphic had been uploaded by a more obvious automated CCP-linked account just hours earlier.
The Microsoft report also highlighted that the Chinese impersonators have started using artificial intelligence-generated images to enhance their reach. One example image depicted an imposing-looking Statue of Liberty holding a torch and gun, with one hand having more than five fingers, accompanied by the strange text, “Democratic and freedoms … Everything is being thrown away … The Goddess of Violence.”
It is worth noting that China is not the only country engaging in influence operation campaigns, as Russia and even pro-U.S. actors have been found doing the same in the past. In a recent incident, X and Meta took down a vast network of accounts involved in a covert pro-U.S. propaganda campaign targeting the Middle East and Central Asia. However, it remains unknown whether this network was connected to U.S. intelligence.
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