{"id":1974261,"date":"2023-07-16T05:35:02","date_gmt":"2023-07-16T09:35:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.conservativenewsdaily.net\/breaking-news\/conversion-therapy\/"},"modified":"2023-07-16T05:41:36","modified_gmt":"2023-07-16T09:41:36","slug":"conversion-therapy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.conservativenewsdaily.net\/breaking-news\/conversion-therapy\/","title":{"rendered":"Conversion therapy is a harmful and ineffective practice aimed at changing a person&#8217;s sexual orientation or gender identity."},"content":{"rendered":"<aside class=\"mashsb-container mashsb-main mashsb-stretched\"><div class=\"mashsb-box\"><div class=\"mashsb-count mash-medium\" style=\"float:left\"><div class=\"counts mashsbcount\">36<\/div><span class=\"mashsb-sharetext\">SHARES<\/span><\/div><div class=\"mashsb-buttons\"><a class=\"mashicon-facebook mash-medium mash-nomargin mashsb-noshadow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservativenewsdaily.net%2Fbreaking-news%2Fconversion-therapy%2F\" target=\"_top\" rel=\"nofollow\"><span class=\"icon\"><\/span><span class=\"text\">Facebook<\/span><\/a><a class=\"mashicon-twitter mash-medium mash-nomargin mashsb-noshadow\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?text=&amp;url=https:\/\/www.conservativenewsdaily.net\/breaking-news\/?p=1974261&amp;via=ConservNewsDly\" target=\"_top\" rel=\"nofollow\"><span class=\"icon\"><\/span><span class=\"text\">Twitter<\/span><\/a><a class=\"mashicon-subscribe mash-medium mash-nomargin mashsb-noshadow\" href=\"#\" target=\"_top\" rel=\"nofollow\"><span class=\"icon\"><\/span><span class=\"text\">Subscribe<\/span><\/a><div class=\"onoffswitch2 mash-medium mashsb-noshadow\" style=\"display:none\"><\/div><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                <div style=\"clear:both\"><\/div><\/aside>\n            <!-- Share buttons by mashshare.net - Version: 4.0.47--><div>\n\u2062 \ud834\udd7a <\/p>\n<h2>The Curious\u2064 History of\u200b Weights\u2063 &#038; Measures<\/h2>\n<p>One of\u2064 the\u2062 many things I learned \u200cfrom\u2064 Claire Cock-Starkey\u2019s\u200d delightful\u2064 book <em>The Curious History \u200dof Weights \ud834\udd7a&#038; Measures<\/em> \u2064was that if you were serious about sticking it to insufferable\ud834\udd7a multinational\u200b corporations that send their CEOs \u200bto Davos every \u2062year,\u200b there would\u200b be no better\u2062 way to do \u200dit\u2062 than to insist on measuring \u200ceverything \u200din bushels and barleycorns. The\u200d old way of\u200c measuring \ud834\udd7athings\u2063 was so wonderfully confusing that globalization \u200dwould\u200c come\u200b to a screeching stop.<\/p>\n<p>\u200b  \u2062<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\n  \u2062  \u2064<\/p>\n<p>Take\u200c the \u200cbarleycorn and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.conservativenewsdaily.net\/breaking-news\/report-india-steps-up-wheat-production-to-replace-lost-ukraine-russia-supply\/\" title=\"Report: India Steps Up Wheat Production to Replace Lost Ukraine, Russia Supply\">wheat grain<\/a>,\u200d for example, \u200cwhich\ud834\udd7a are two \u2063of \u2063the \ud834\udd7aoldest \u2064ways \u200cof \u200bmeasuring weight. \u2063Both grains vary according\u2064 to\u200b how much \ud834\udd7amoisture \ud834\udd7athey \u200ccontain,\ud834\udd7a but\u200b generally \u2062four\u2062 wheat grains\u2064 were considered\u200c to\u2062 equal\u200d three barleycorns. Both \u200cgrains\u2063 were used in\u2063 England and elsewhere\u200c to determine larger\u200c weights like\u2064 the pound, which was brought\u2063 to \u200cEngland\u2064 by\u2062 the Romans. (The\ud834\udd7a abbreviation for the pound,\u2062 lb.,\u200b comes \u2063from\ud834\udd7a the Latin \ud834\udd7a<em>libra<\/em>, which is\u2062 a \u200dshortened version of\ud834\udd7a <em>libra ponda<\/em>, or\u2062 &#8220;pound scale.&#8221;)<\/p>\n<p> \u200c <\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p> \u2063 <\/p>\n<h3>The \u2063Evolution\u200c of Pound \u2063Measurements<\/h3>\n<p> \u200c <\/p>\n<p>The \u2064troy pound, which may have\u200d been\u200d named after the French\u2062 city of Troyes\u2064 and was \u2062used mostly to weigh precious \u2062metals, came\u2064 in \u200bat 5,760 grains. But the\u2064 merchantile \u2063pound, which was\u200c used \u2064for \u2062trading,\u2064 weighed \u200c6,570\u2063 grains. William the\u2063 Conqueror created\ud834\udd7a the Tower\u200b pound after \u200dhe invaded \u2063Britain in 1066. It was supposed \u200bto become the\u2062 standard pound and \u2063was used \ud834\udd7ato \u2064mint \u200bcoins. It weighed\u2063 5,400 \ud834\udd7agrains, \u200cbut both\u2063 the \ud834\udd7atroy pound \u200cand\u2063 the merchantile\u2064 pound\ud834\udd7a continued to \u200cbe used. \u200dIn 1588, \u200bElizabeth\u2064 I created \u2062the imperial \u2064pound, \u200cwhich \u2064weighed \u20627,000\ud834\udd7a grains and \u2064remained the\u2062 standard unit of measurement \u2063in England and most\u200c English-speaking\u2064 countries\u2062 until 1959, when it\u2063 was replaced by the\u200d international \ud834\udd7apound.<\/p>\n<p> \u200c <\/p>\n<p>The barleycorn was \u200calso used to\u2062 determine the \u200dlength \u2063of \u2063a \u200cfoot, which\u200d varied widely from place\ud834\udd7a to\ud834\udd7a place. The \u2064Welsh \u2064foot was \u200c27\u2064 barleycorns. \u2062The \u200dSaxon \ud834\udd7afoot was\u200d 39. \u2063In \u200b1324, Edward II\ud834\udd7a decreed that\ud834\udd7a the\u200d English \u200dfoot was\u2062 36 barleycorns. \u200bToday, one \u200dfoot \u2064is \u2064304.8\u2063 millimeters, \u2063but\u2063 according \u200dto \ud834\udd7aone scholar it was\u200b 294.86 \u2064mm in ancient Rome\u2062 and 302\u200d mm in \ud834\udd7aancient Greece.\u200d In \u2064790, \u2062Charlemagne decreed \u200dthat\u2064 the Frankish \u2064foot &#8220;should\u200b be \u2064set \u200cat 1\/6 of a <em>toise<\/em>, which \u200dis the\u200b span of \u2064an average\u200d man\u200c with his arms outstretched.&#8221;\ud834\udd7a This\u2064 set the Frankish \u2064foot\u200d at 326.66 mm. \u2064&#8221;Recent analysis of buildings\u200b built across Charlemagne\u2019s\ud834\udd7a kingdom during his reign, however,&#8221;\u2063 Cock-Starkey\u200d writes, &#8220;show a number of different values \u2064for the\u2063 foot, from 296 mm \ud834\udd7ato 340 mm,\u200c indicating \u200bthat his \u2064decree did not translate \u2063into common\u200c practice.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p> \ud834\udd7a \u200d<\/p>\n<p>I\u200b could go \u200con, but you \u200dget the idea. I know some people blame \u200d&#8221;liberalism&#8221; for \u200bthe triumph\u2064 of \u200cconsumerism\u200d and \u200bthe rise\u200b of a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.conservativenewsdaily.net\/breaking-news\/conversion-therapy\/\" title=\"Conversion therapy is a harmful and ineffective practice aimed at changing a person's sexual orientation or gender identity.\">supposed woke international economic order<\/a>, but if you \ud834\udd7aare going to\u2063 blame anything,\ud834\udd7a blame the metric\u200c system.<\/p>\n<p>Most \u2062early \u2063forms of\u200d measurement, \u2063Cock-Starkey notes, \u2063were established\ud834\udd7a to facilitate trade. &#8220;Fingernails, fingers, palms, forearms, feet,&#8221; \ud834\udd7aas \u200cwell as &#8220;a \u2064good-sized stone,&#8221; helped to\ud834\udd7a determine the \ud834\udd7acomparable length \ud834\udd7aand \u2063weight \u2063of things in an \ud834\udd7aexchange (as\ud834\udd7a well as the amount of\u200c tax).\u2062 In addition \u2062to the pound and\u200b the\ud834\udd7a foot, there \u2064were \u2064measurements like\ud834\udd7a the rod and perch, the \u200cfurlong and \u2062acre,\ud834\udd7a again, all\ud834\udd7a of \ud834\udd7awhich\u200b varied from \u2064region \u2062to\u2062 region \u2064or\u2063 town \u200cto town.\u200c But\u200d as trade increased, an\u2062 international \u200cstandard of measurement\u2064 became increasingly \u2062important. Hence, the \u2062metric\u200c system. One Mr. \u200dGreenall complained to Parliament\u2019s \u200cSelect Committee on\u2064 Weights\u2064 and \u200bMeasures in 1862 that \ud834\udd7a&#8221;a stone\u2064 of \u200dwool \u200cat\u2063 Darlington is \u200b18 lbs., while at Belfast it \u2064is 16\u00be \u200clbs. A stone \u2062of flax \u200dat Downpatrick \u200cis 24\u200b lbs., and\u2062 a stone of flax \ud834\udd7aat \u200dBelfast is\ud834\udd7a not\u200c only \u206316\u00be \u200clbs., \ud834\udd7abut\u2062 it is \u200dalso 24\u00bd \ud834\udd7albs., \u2062so \u2062that \u2064it was\u2062 two \u2062values in one \u2064town.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>\u2063  <\/p>\n<p>An <a href=\"https:\/\/www.conservativenewsdaily.net\/breaking-news\/debunking-the-biggest-lies-from-the-chinese-communist-party-during-alaska-talks\/\" title=\"Debunking The Biggest Lies From The Chinese Communist Party During Alaska Talks\">international standard<\/a> \u200dof\u200c measurement\u200b became increasingly \u200cimportant\u2063 for \ud834\udd7ascience, too.\u200b This\u2062 can \u200cbe seen \u200cas \u2064recently as\u200d 1999 in \u2064the \u2062example of NASA\u2019s Mars \u2062Climate\u200b Orbiter, which\u2062 burned \u2064up as \u2064it approached Mars. &#8220;This was\u2063 because,&#8221; \u200cCock-Starkey writes,\u2062 &#8220;the engineers making\ud834\udd7a the Orbiter used\ud834\udd7a imperial tons \u200dto calculate the\u2064 force \u2064the thrusters needed to\u200b exert, whereas the\u2063 software \u200dused \u2064to deploy\u2063 the thrusters used metric \u2063measurements.&#8221; The \ud834\udd7aimperial \ud834\udd7aton weighed\ud834\udd7a 2,240 pounds. \u200cThe \ud834\udd7ametric\u200b ton\u2063 weighs\u200d 1,000\u2062 kilograms,\u200b or\ud834\udd7a 2,204.6 \u200dpounds.<\/p>\n<p>\u2064 \u2063 <\/p>\n<p>One of \u200bthe joys\u200b of \ud834\udd7a<em>The Curious \u200cHistory \u2062of Weights \u2062&#038; \u200dMeasures<\/em> is \u200cto learn the\u2062 history\u2064 behind English measurements \u200cand how they\u200c changed\u2062 over the years.\u2062 Nearly all of \u200cthem\u200d were first determined with \u2064reference \u200dto\u200d common \u200bobjects\u200c or activities or\u200d the \u2064human\u2063 body.\ud834\udd7a A\u2064 furlong \ud834\udd7awas \ud834\udd7aoriginally the \u2064distance \u200ctwo oxen &#8220;could plough\u2064 without resting.&#8221; An \u200dacre,\u2062 which can be traced back \u2062to the Latin <em>ager<\/em>\u2064 for &#8220;field,&#8221;\u200d was\u200b the area \u200c&#8221;it was thought a single ploughman \u200ccould \u2064work\u200c in a day.&#8221; The mile comes from\u200c the \u200bRoman <em>mille\u2063 passus<\/em>\u2014a thousand\u2063 paces. Every \u2062other \u200ctime\u200d a\u200b foot \u200chit \u2062the ground\u200d was a pace\u2014or the \u200blength\ud834\udd7a of \ud834\udd7atwo \u2063steps.<\/p>\n<p>\u200b  \u200b<\/p>\n<p>Did you know\u2062 that the \u2062word &#8220;ton&#8221; \u200bcomes \u2063from the French \u200dword for thunder (<em>tonnerre<\/em>), which\u2064 is \ud834\udd7athe sound huge \u200dwine casks would make as they were rolled across the\u200d floor? Or\u2014since \ud834\udd7awe\u2019re\ud834\udd7a now \u200don the topic\u2064 of alcohol\u2014that a \u2064keg \u2062is not an\u2062 official measurement \u2062for \u2062beer, but\u2064 a\u200b hogshead \u2063is?\u200d (A \ud834\udd7ahogshead is 54 imperial\u200b gallons,\u200d or 432 pints.) Most\ud834\udd7a British \u2064kegs have \u2062the\ud834\udd7a capacity\u2064 of a firkin, which \u2064is\u2062 from the Middle \u2063Dutch <em>vierdekijhn<\/em> \ud834\udd7afor &#8220;fourth,&#8221; and\u200c refers to a\u2063 fourth\u2062 of\u200d a barrel, or \u2063nine imperial gallons.<\/p>\n<p> \u2063 <\/p>\n<p><em>The Curious\u200c History of Weights &#038;\u200d Measures<\/em>\u200d is a \ud834\udd7amust-read for introverts\u2014or \u200canyone for that \ud834\udd7amatter\u2014forced \u2063to attend the\u200d occasional cocktail \ud834\udd7aparty or\u200d business \u200cdinner. It has all sorts of odd\u200b facts \u200bthat will \u200ckeep a conversation \u200bsuperficially\u2063 interesting\u200b for a \u200dwhole\u200c evening.<\/p>\n<p> \u200c <\/p>\n<p>Plus, it \ud834\udd7amight\u2064 help\u2062 you\ud834\udd7a make the most of your\u2062 expense account. The next time\u2063 you\u2064 are out\u200d on the \ud834\udd7acompany\u2019s\u2063 dime, why not order a jeroboam of \u2064champagne \ud834\udd7ainstead of a bottle? That\u2019s\ud834\udd7a three\ud834\udd7a liters of\u200d bubbly and \ud834\udd7amore than enough\u200d to make\u2062 any\ud834\udd7a business dinner a delight.\ud834\udd7a The guys in\u200d accounting won\u2019t \u200dhave \u200ca clue.<\/p>\n<p>\u200d  <\/p>\n<div>\n \u200b  \u200d \u200d<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/handsoffmyrewards.com\/?utm_source=freebeacon&#038;utm_medium=advertising&#038;utm_campaign=2023\" \ud834\udd7atarget=\"_blank\"\u2063 rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>  \u2063  \u2063<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/handsoffmyrewards.com\/?utm_source=freebeacon&#038;utm_medium=advertising&#038;utm_campaign=2023\" target=\"_blank\"\u200c rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p> \u200c\u2063 <\/p><\/div>\n<p>\u2063 \u2064 <\/p>\n<p><em>The Curious\u2062 History of\ud834\udd7a Weights\u200c and Measures<\/em><br \/> \u200bby Claire \ud834\udd7aCock \ud834\udd7aStarkey<br \/> Bodleian Library, 200 pp., $25<\/p>\n<p>\ud834\udd7a \u2062 <\/p>\n<p><em>Micah Mattix, a professor \u2064of English \ud834\udd7aat \ud834\udd7aRegent \u200dUniversity,\u2062 has \u200dwritten \u200bfor \u200dthe\u00a0<\/em>Wall\u200b Street\u2062 Journal<em>, the\u00a0<\/em>Washington Examiner<em>, and many \u2063other publications.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In Claire Cock-Starkey&#8217;s fascinating book, The Curious History of Weights &amp; Measures, I discovered a powerful method to challenge multinational corporations. By embracing precise measurements for everything, we can effectively resist the influence of CEOs attending Davos annually. It&#8217;s an empowering way to take a stand against these insufferable entities.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1950,"featured_media":1974262,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mo_disable_npp":"","fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/cndimages.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com\/breaking-news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_2758-scaled-1.jpg","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[544],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1974261","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-the-free-beacon"],"fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/cndimages.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com\/breaking-news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_2758-scaled-1.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.conservativenewsdaily.net\/breaking-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1974261","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.conservativenewsdaily.net\/breaking-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.conservativenewsdaily.net\/breaking-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.conservativenewsdaily.net\/breaking-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1950"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.conservativenewsdaily.net\/breaking-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1974261"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.conservativenewsdaily.net\/breaking-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1974261\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.conservativenewsdaily.net\/breaking-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1974262"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.conservativenewsdaily.net\/breaking-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1974261"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.conservativenewsdaily.net\/breaking-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1974261"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.conservativenewsdaily.net\/breaking-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1974261"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}