{"id":1658240,"date":"2022-09-26T09:37:37","date_gmt":"2022-09-26T13:37:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.conservativenewsdaily.net\/breaking-news\/?p=1658240"},"modified":"2022-09-26T09:41:51","modified_gmt":"2022-09-26T13:41:51","slug":"celebrating-the-75th-anniversary-of-the-u-s-air-force","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.conservativenewsdaily.net\/breaking-news\/celebrating-the-75th-anniversary-of-the-u-s-air-force\/","title":{"rendered":"Celebrating the 75th Anniversary of the U.S. Air Force"},"content":{"rendered":"<aside class=\"mashsb-container mashsb-main mashsb-stretched\"><div class=\"mashsb-box\"><div class=\"mashsb-count mash-medium\" style=\"&quot;\"><div class=\"counts mashsbcount\">18<\/div><span class=\"mashsb-sharetext\">SHARES<\/span><\/div><div class=\"mashsb-buttons\"><a class=\"mashicon-facebook mash-medium mash-nomargin mashsb-noshadow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservativenewsdaily.net%2Fbreaking-news%2Fcelebrating-the-75th-anniversary-of-the-u-s-air-force%2F\" target=\"_top\" rel=\"nofollow\"><span class=\"icon\"><\/span><span class=\"text\">Facebook<\/span><\/a><a class=\"mashicon-twitter mash-medium mash-nomargin mashsb-noshadow\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?text=&amp;url=https:\/\/www.conservativenewsdaily.net\/breaking-news\/?p=1658240&amp;via=ConservNewsDly\" target=\"_top\" rel=\"nofollow\"><span class=\"icon\"><\/span><span class=\"text\">Twitter<\/span><\/a><a class=\"mashicon-subscribe mash-medium mash-nomargin mashsb-noshadow\" href=\"#\" target=\"_top\" rel=\"nofollow\"><span class=\"icon\"><\/span><span class=\"text\">Subscribe<\/span><\/a><div class=\"onoffswitch2 mash-medium mashsb-noshadow\" style=\"display:none\"><\/div><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                <div style=\"clear:both\"><\/div><\/aside>\n            <!-- Share buttons by mashshare.net - Version: 4.0.47--><p>Millions across the nation and around the world celebrated the 75th anniversary of the United States Air Force on September 18, 2022. <em>FLYING <\/em>also celebrates this \u201cbirthday\u201d and salutes the men and women who serve\u2014and who have served\u2014as members of the U.S. Air Force and its predecessors.<\/p>\n<h2>Origins<\/h2>\n<p>Orville Wright made the world\u2019s first controlled, powered, and sustained heavier-than-air human flight on December 17, 1903. Less than four years later (August 1, 1907), the U.S. Army Signal Corps formed an Aeronautical Division. It was put in \u201ccharge of all matters pertaining to military ballooning, air machines and all kindred subjects,\u201d according to the Council on Foreign Relations. The division was the first heavier-than-air military aviation organization in history and the beginning of what eventually became the U.S. Air Force.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>The Aeronautical Division purchased the first powered military aircraft from the Wright brothers in 1909, created aviation training schools, and started a pilot rating system.\u00a0<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><figcaption>Second Lt. H.H. Arnold sitting at the controls of a Wright Type B two-seater at the Wright Flying School in Dayton, Ohio in 1911. Arnold would go on to hold the ranks of General of the Army and later, General of the Air Force (the only officer to hold a five-star rank in two different U.S. military services.) Arnold was an aviation pioneer, Chief of the Air Corps (1938-1941) and commanding general of the United States Army Air Forces during World War II. [Courtesy: U.S. Air Force]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The 1st Aero Squadron comprised the \u201cfirst military unit of the U.S. Army devoted exclusively to aviation,\u201d<sup> <\/sup>as designated on December 8, 1913, according to Air Force Materiel Command. It was the U.S. Army\u2019s first air combat unit. Now it\u2019s known as the 1st Reconnaissance Squadron, remaining active since its creation.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Congress authorized the Signal Corps\u2019 Aviation Section, and directed it to operate and supervise \u201call military aircraft, including balloons and aeroplanes, all appliances pertaining to said craft, and signaling apparatus of any kind when installed on said craft,\u201d according to the Air Force Historical Research Agency (AFHRA). It also would train \u201cofficers and enlisted men in matters pertaining to military aviation.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>When World War I began, the 1st Aero Squadron was the U.S. Army\u2019s entire tactical air strength. Congress appropriated $500,000 for the Aviation Section on March 31, 1916. Influenced by the war, Congress appropriated over $13.6 million for military aeronautics and land acquisition for airfields on August 29, 1916.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>According to the Air Force Historical Research Agency, by October 1916, Aviation Section plans included 24 squadrons. By December, seven squadrons had been organized or were in process. Of the squadrons formed by early 1917, only the 1st Aero Squadron was fully organized and equipped when America entered the war on April 6, 1917.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cndimages.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com\/breaking-news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/26094022\/dNhnr53KhbfbuOln8ukrAIISHghZzULTs5at5hKrWZrYp8QMijmewMMvrNpIttwJ0I4ltE4kApTzOjcZLGKwEaxlCJZnp3Lpvw6iwC75VsOmwgMe8i7PDkgkHHVdybO8QMEm4JSW7uLvuELHTJ5SwXe55kwaoV1oXsBsKnMeTfCsQcOzUnX4wEBpiQ\" alt=\"\" \/><figcaption>Martin MB-2 in flight with a pursuit aircraft practicing an attack. [Courtesy: U.S. Air Force]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>World War I: United States Army Air Service\u00a0<\/h2>\n<p>The first U.S. aviation squadron entered combat in February 1918, staffed mostly by pilots who had previously volunteered with the French. American-trained squadrons soon joined the fighting.<\/p>\n<p>Most American aviators flew French airplanes, since U.S. aircraft production was behind schedule. Training was hazardous, causing twice as many deaths as in combat. Additionally, \u201cgreen\u201d U.S. pilots faced experienced German pilots, resulting in heavy losses in early aerial combat.<\/p>\n<p>The Aviation Section\u2019s inefficiency mobilizing led President Wilson to transfer aviation responsibilities to the Secretary of War.\u00a0<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cndimages.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com\/breaking-news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/26094039\/joKzt_n3TPjvUrIrBtOo86EwHodlC-aeXbNKHfe8FBXEqjkv3vF_ap_FZyQCANdEu1Y76T4NH5fYkSf3-ZVOlUoaRr_NTuzSlT9QENP5YbVJIunq8OsIt5ERGuCkOnB2Wg7RonuYGqMZEWskz5y6tBkIxM4NtldFXgiY8QAACPmxXTsU0LNnm-hudA\" alt=\"\" \/><figcaption>Captain Eddie Rickenbacker, the leading ace of U.S. pilots in World War I. [Photo: worldwar1centennial.org]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Despite various challenges, American pilots steadily improved; 71 U.S. pilots shot down at least five aircraft, earning \u201cace\u201d status. Eddie Rickenbacker led all Americans with 26 \u201ckills.\u201d U.S. aviators helped stall German offensives in spring 1918, and control the skies in final Allied offensives.<\/p>\n<p>Air Service personnel engaged in combat between February and November 1918. On Armistice Day, 740 U.S. aircraft stood in front-line squadrons (about 10 percent of Allied aircraft). Despite its relatively small numbers, \u201cthe Air Service conducted 150 bombing attacks, dropped 138 tons of bombs, and downed over 750 enemy aircraft and 76 enemy balloons.\u201d<sup>4<\/sup>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2>Demobilization and the 1920s<\/h2>\n<p>Pundits of the day called World War I \u201cthe war to end all wars,\u201d and the U.S. government took that seriously. Between Armistice Day and June 30, 1920, officer strength plunged \u201cfrom 19,189 to 1,168, and enlisted strength dropped from 178,149 to 8,428,\u201d according to AFHRA.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cDuring most of the 1920s, the total offensive strength of the Air Service\u201d in the continental U.S. was one pursuit, one attack, and one bombardment group, according to the AFHRA. The Panama Canal Zone and the Philippines each had one pursuit and one bombardment squadron; two squadrons of each type remained in Hawaii.\u00a0<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cndimages.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com\/breaking-news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/26094043\/nOY1cE7qYWgGRvpMxJ7b0g4r-I4rroupVbOpmXePs183B4XXBjZmiNTnGsKoQ49OKo37Lq1FSGvRR0BEgHrkpnQTwiry2Q9idtC1T-Cvi9jzmW-0AOKgZWBuwVAzdhTJ8snCwomUs6rRMv6N-CaS27LPl6I3BQwUGCX_7m4XWVaQ4tFLeMJQizn2lA\" alt=\"\" \/><figcaption>Jimmy Doolittle with his DH-4B-1-S during a refueling stop at Kelly Field, San Antonio, Texas, on September 4, 1922. (Photograph: H.L. Summerville\/National Air and Space Museum Archives, Smithsonian Institution)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The Air Service became the Air Corps through the Air Corps Act of 1926, but little else changed. The Air Corps had 919 officers and 8,725 enlisted men; its \u201cmodern aeronautical equipment\u201d consisted of 60 pursuit planes and 169 observation airplanes, according to AFHRA.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Despite limited funding, the Air Corps focused on setting new records in altitude, speed, endurance, and distance, helping focus the nation\u2019s interest on the potential of military aviation and earning international prestige.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cBlind flying, aerial photography, and airborne communications,\u201d took on critical importance, according to the National Museum of the United States Air Force. In addition, the Air Corps \u201cflew forest-fire patrol and border patrol, crop dusted farm fields, bombed ice jams in swollen rivers, flew relief supplies into disaster areas, and dropped feed to snowbound livestock.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2>War Clouds in Europe<\/h2>\n<p>During the 1920s and 1930s, U.S. aircraft manufacturers led the world in passenger aircraft development. In particular, numerous U.S. and foreign airlines purchased the Boeing 247 and Douglas DC-2 and DC-3. Meanwhile, Germany and Japan focused on building more powerful warplanes.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Japan invaded Manchuria in 1931 and China in 1937, with a clear advantage in aircraft and mechanized weapons. Germany \u201ctested\u201d its aircraft during the Spanish Civil War, assisting Nationalist forces under Francisco Franco. In September 1938, Luftwaffe aircraft supported German ground forces that occupied Czechoslovakia\u2019s Sudetenland.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>World War II began by most measures on September 1, 1939, when Germany invaded Poland using blitzkrieg (lightning war) tactics\u2014coordinated aircraft, mechanized weapons, and infantry.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>President Franklin Roosevelt worried about the United States being drawn into the war. He also believed in the growing importance of airpower, and according to advisor Harry Hopkins, Roosevelt believed \u201cthat airpower would win it,\u201d according to AFHRA.<\/p>\n<p>President Roosevelt requested 10,000 airplanes for the Air Corps from Congress on January 12, 1939. On April 3, Congress authorized $300 million for an Air Corps \u201cnot to exceed 6,000 serviceable airplanes,\u201d according to AFHRA, to make up for lost time.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cndimages.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com\/breaking-news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/26094048\/Gwpypb4Ssb34faQeQrGk9y_ahoOl8FiPHCa9VmDqBYjhjlHHxW6rQwbt6T_3_72jkeEbsAxrGAHg7ajrsH4HSCcg1_0qdjWn-Bp0Opz3pMGKS1CV26Z4OGuOY7KMiMVr_ixqRgwCf_FdMD4wSk5eAk8U3p7SwwoielGjntveZUo4BfI_43GsQ8YhWA\" alt=\"This image has an empty alt attribute; its file name is Gwpypb4Ssb34faQeQrGk9y_ahoOl8FiPHCa9VmDqBYjhjlHHxW6rQwbt6T_3_72jkeEbsAxrGAHg7ajrsH4HSCcg1_0qdjWn-Bp0Opz3pMGKS1CV26Z4OGuOY7KMiMVr_ixqRgwCf_FdMD4wSk5eAk8U3p7SwwoielGjntveZUo4BfI_43GsQ8YhWA\" \/><figcaption>U.S. Army Chief of Staff Dwight D. Eisenhower and Major General Carl A. Spaatz. [Courtesy: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.trumanlibrary.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">trumanlibrary.gov<\/a>]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>World War II<\/h2>\n<p>Germany quickly conquered Poland, Norway, Holland, Belgium, and France. Swift Nazi victories caused Congress to appropriate funds to improve and enlarge the U.S. armed forces.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>But when war began the Air Corps had only 800 first-line combat aircraft. U.S. fighter aircraft were inferior to those flown by the British, Germans, and Japanese. In late 1940, newspaper publisher Ralph Ingersoll visited England and wrote that the \u201cbest American fighter planes delivered to the British are used either as advanced trainers\u2014or for fighting equally obsolete Italian planes in the Middle East.\u201d<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"796\" src=\"https:\/\/www.conservativenewsdaily.net\/breaking-news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/httpswww.flyingmag.comsitesflyingmag.comfilesimport2012sitesallfiles_images201207P-38-1024x796-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-77641\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.conservativenewsdaily.net\/breaking-news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/httpswww.flyingmag.comsitesflyingmag.comfilesimport2012sitesallfiles_images201207P-38-1024x796-1.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.conservativenewsdaily.net\/breaking-news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/httpswww.flyingmag.comsitesflyingmag.comfilesimport2012sitesallfiles_images201207P-38-300x233-1.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.conservativenewsdaily.net\/breaking-news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/httpswww.flyingmag.comsitesflyingmag.comfilesimport2012sitesallfiles_images201207P-38-768x597-1.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.conservativenewsdaily.net\/breaking-news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/httpswww.flyingmag.comsitesflyingmag.comfilesimport2012sitesallfiles_images201207P-38-1536x1193-1.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.conservativenewsdaily.net\/breaking-news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/httpswww.flyingmag.comsitesflyingmag.comfilesimport2012sitesallfiles_images201207P-38-2048x1591-1.jpg 2048w\" \/><figcaption>The P-38 Lightning helped change the tide of the war in the Pacific Theater. [<em>FLYING<\/em> Archives] <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Plans were revised upward, to 84 combat groups with 7,800 aircraft and 400,000 troops by June 30, 1942. By the end of the war, the Army Air Forces (AAF)\u2014established on June 20, 1941, by Army Chief of Staff Gen. George C. Marshall\u2014grew from 26,500 servicemen and 2,200 aircraft in 1939 to 2,253,000 servicemen and -women and 63,715 aircraft in 1945.<\/p>\n<h2>Expansion and Reorganization<\/h2>\n<p>The War Department began building bases and air organizations in the continental U.S. and overseas in 1939. During this expansion and reorganization, \u201cthe Hawaiian Air Force was activated on November 1, 1940, the Panama Canal Air Force on November 20, 1940, and the Alaskan Air Force on January 15, 1942,\u201d according to AFHRA.<sup> <\/sup>(These subsequently became the Seventh, Sixth, and Eleventh Air Forces.)\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>The War Department was reorganized on March 9, 1942, four months after Pearl Harbor. Three autonomous U.S. Army Commands were created: Army Ground Forces; Army Service Forces; and Army Air Forces. In September 1942, the First, Second, Third and Fourth Air Forces were created.\u00a0<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"589\" src=\"https:\/\/www.conservativenewsdaily.net\/breaking-news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/boeing_B-17_bremen_1943-rob-wallace-Edited.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-156674\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.conservativenewsdaily.net\/breaking-news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/boeing_B-17_bremen_1943-rob-wallace-Edited.png 960w, https:\/\/flyingmag.sfo3.digitaloceanspaces.com\/flyingma\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/23111034\/boeing_B-17_bremen_1943-rob-wallace-Edited-300x184.png 300w, https:\/\/www.conservativenewsdaily.net\/breaking-news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/boeing_B-17_bremen_1943-rob-wallace-Edited-768x471-1.png 768w\" \/><figcaption>B-17s of the USAAF Eighth Air Force dropping bombs over a target in 1943. [Courtesy: USAAF Archives\/National WWII Museum]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>By the end of the war, the USAAF had 16 numbered air forces (First through Fifteenth and Twentieth), distributed worldwide to prosecute the war, plus a general air force within the continental U.S. to support the whole and provide air defense.<\/p>\n<h2>Operational Summary<\/h2>\n<p>The Air Force Historical Studies Office (AFHSO) summarized the USAAF strategy during World War II:<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u2026the first priority [was] to launch a strategic bombing offensive in support of the RAF [Royal Air Force] against Germany. The Eighth Air Force, sent to England in 1942, took that job. After a slow and often costly effort to bring the necessary strength to bear, joined in 1944 by the Fifteenth Air Force stationed in Italy, strategic bombing finally began to get results, and by the end of the war, the German economy had been dispersed and pounded to rubble.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cTactical air forces supported ground forces in the Mediterranean and European theaters. In the war against Japan, Gen. Douglas MacArthur made his advance along New Guinea by leapfrogging his air forces forward and using amphibious forces to open up new bases. The AAF also supported Adm. Chester Nimitz\u2019s aircraft carriers in their island-hopping across the Central Pacific and assisted Allied forces in Burma and China.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cndimages.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com\/breaking-news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/26094052\/UFSwsMHdThLdRath9SKE8_By-ywQZFQ-cHqK193SZRNFFIccc7VkIiOn7kgzUcFQq3MdUom2087sjSj5IvKhI85zFwXjk2nnIuWY_JI32xTl7g95lXY6Ln4TnC5DQa5et7_96FaZdp2gPy6M0hUrXDtkzAQaz71M3_jadv-AQwyyATo5rVa0qq1mvw\" alt=\"\" \/><figcaption>A B-29 Superfortress. [Courtesy: U.S. Air Force]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u201c\u2026the Twentieth Air Force [was] equipped with the new long-range B-29 Superfortresses used for bombing Japan\u2019s home islands, first from China and then from the Marianas. Devastated by fire-raids, Japan was so weakened by August 1945 that [Gen. H.H.] Arnold believed neither the atomic bomb nor the planned invasion would be necessary. The fact that AAF B-29s dropped the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki demonstrated what air power could do in the future.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2>USAAF Statistical Summary<\/h2>\n<p>AFHSO also provided the following information:\u00a0<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u201cUSAAF incurred 12 percent of the Army\u2019s 936,000 battle casualties. [A total of] 88,119 airmen died in service. Only the Army Ground Forces suffered more battle deaths.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\u201cTotal AAF aircraft losses from December 1941 to August 1945 were 65,164. The AAF is credited with destroying 40,259 aircraft of opposing nations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\u201cTotal sorties flown by the AAF were 2,352,800, with 1,693,565 flown in Europe-related areas and 669,235 flown in the Pacific\/Far East.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Demobilization\u00a0<\/h2>\n<p>As it had when World War I ended, U.S. armed forces immediately began a massive demobilization following the surrender of Germany on May 7, 1945, and Japan on August 15, 1945. In the AAF, \u201cofficers and enlisted were discharged, installations were closed, and aircraft were stored or sold,\u201d according to AFHRA.<\/p>\n<p>Between August 1945 and April 1946, AAF manpower fell from 2.25 million to 485,000, to 304,000 in 1947. AAF aircraft decreased from 79,000 to fewer than 30,000. Permanent AAF installations dropped from 783 to 177. Less than a year after war\u2019s end (July 1946), only two of the 52 AAF active-duty units were combat-ready.\u00a0<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cndimages.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com\/breaking-news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/26094048\/Gwpypb4Ssb34faQeQrGk9y_ahoOl8FiPHCa9VmDqBYjhjlHHxW6rQwbt6T_3_72jkeEbsAxrGAHg7ajrsH4HSCcg1_0qdjWn-Bp0Opz3pMGKS1CV26Z4OGuOY7KMiMVr_ixqRgwCf_FdMD4wSk5eAk8U3p7SwwoielGjntveZUo4BfI_43GsQ8YhWA\" alt=\"\" \/><figcaption>U.S. Army Chief of Staff Dwight D. Eisenhower and Major General Carl A. Spaatz. [Courtesy: trumanlibrary.gov]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>In February 1946, General H.H. \u201cHap\u201d Arnold, AAF commanding general, retired due to ill health. Gen. Carl A. Spaatz succeeded him, reorganizing the AAF into major commands not requiring a second restructuring once the Air Force became independent. Additionally, he restructured reserve components, including creating the Air National Guard in April 1946.<\/p>\n<h2>Reorganizing the U.S. Military<\/h2>\n<p>By April 11, 1945, 80 \u201ckey military and naval personnel\u201d had been interviewed by the Joint Chiefs of Staff Special Committee for the Reorganization of National Defense, according to <a href=\"https:\/\/history.defense.gov\/\">history.defense.gov<\/a>. Their recommendation? That U.S. armed forces should be organized into a single Cabinet department, and that \u201cthree coordinate combat branches\u2014Army, Navy, and Air\u201d comprise the operational services. The committee noted that the \u201cstatutory creation of a United States Air Force would merely recognize a situation that had evolved during World War II with the Army Air Forces.\u201d The measure saw broad approval.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cndimages.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com\/breaking-news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/26094056\/tJbWHpqEd3Mz_NIurTXQ8HpZ8HIsWTRqQD-jVd2b1zti0Zm7C6T9FTrtE2ZfCJyVmePmRJH2_qokSj1IeKGbvWcgv-4hnCLfW6MJp0ozP-KsEflrVBwIayo_WcRyFWP2tGIzxRAARGosVi8Tqdpf1sGBB56nhrVCukk0qAuUzbrGbbQTnbEzw1q7jQ\" alt=\"\" \/><figcaption>President Harry S. Truman signing a proclamation making August 1st Army Air Force Day. L-R: General James H. Doolittle (seated), President of the Air Force Association; Lieutenant General Hoyt S. Vandenberg (standing), Deputy Commander Army Air Force; President Truman (seated); Major General Lauris Norstad (standing), Director of Plans and Operations, War Department, General Staff; W. Stuart Symington (seated), Assistant Secretary of War for Air. [Courtesy: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.trumanlibrary.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">trumanlibrary.gov<\/a>]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Nonetheless, the Navy Department opposed a single Department of Defense and creation of a separate Air Force during congressional hearings. On December 19, 1945 President Harry S. Truman declared his strong support for an air force, \u201creminding Congress that prior to the war independent Army and Navy departments had often failed to work collectively or in coordination to the best interest of the nation,\u201d according to AFHRA.<\/p>\n<h2>An Independent Air Force<\/h2>\n<p>With President Truman\u2019s endorsement, Congress enacted the National Security Act of 1947 on July 26, 1947. The Department of Defense, the United States Air Force and Central Intelligence Agency were established.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cndimages.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com\/breaking-news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/26094109\/J6rpV9lAddmbDdObFzo5iXJg1jepG6i9ltGRkOwe1KS6y27H6KvBjsWhrGYTbEmgLRd8hPrRZxJVgpyXU9jCjPFmSUjgcoV-3CYC-uL0EvACcy_qRCGE-Ffr2Q2E7gk0XWtFZMC2lpzbbovUmc4upz07nsWKmvqAehm3t6b_qhyCgKkeijC3Lm5XiQ\" alt=\"\" \/><figcaption>Stuart Symington was sworn in as the first Secretary of the Air Force by Chief Justice Fred Vinson on September 18, 1947. (Photo: National Museum of the United States Air Force)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>On September 18, 1947, Stuart Symington became the first secretary of the Air Force. This officially founded a new U.S. military branch. Gen. Spaatz became the U.S. Air Force\u2019s first chief of staff on September 26, 1947, overseeing both the demobilization of the largest air force in military history and its rebirth as an independent branch.\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2>Legacy<\/h2>\n<p>\u201cThe Army Air Forces in World War II\u201d is the official history of the AAF, stating, \u201cBy the close of the war [the AAF] had emerged as virtually a third independent service.\u201d This was almost inevitable after the AAF became an autonomous U.S. Army Command in 1942. At its height, the AAF had more than 2.4 million people and 80,000 aircraft in service and flew more than 2.3 million missions during the war.<\/p>\n<p>Today, the Air Force has over 300,000 active duty troops, with approximately 20,000 pilots, according to <a href=\"https:\/\/veteran.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">veteran.com<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Happy birthday, U.S. Air Force, and many more!<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cndimages.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com\/breaking-news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/26094114\/4cOEo1uz_Pr0ROkAja8h9kSvNEFsrbsB29hQ8J53EIQDZ5z0mp9WI2ZOX3-Gglc3h43InLqJh8Q2UQHke2Mjyg_mEDx9iXQjLATwKZ3lRgp1FMJPx4Hg4HwoNpFcFHiuu5mz31yld23WagOHSHcqIFngNk3nNcHmdHUKjnHaumjcVpC40uEn1HQigg\" alt=\"\" \/><figcaption>[Courtesy: U.S. Air Force]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><em>FLYING Classics thanks the Air Force Historical Research Agency, Air Force Materiel Command, the Council on Foreign Relations, military.com, the National Museum of the United States Air Force, the United States World War I Centennial Commission, veteran.com, the Veterans of Foreign Wars, and of course the United States Air Force for information and photos that contributed to this article.<\/em><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cndimages.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com\/breaking-news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/26094121\/ShxqH2eB6u4Pks0i7u-Pd-3ZuxiPAtUed-Z_X891ol2o0Yn3y0B3r9kNPj7aASU6W99uEjgHLB_1PkcXkwRS-lUencXP1_Y0vwvkHiYXg__QhzbkwnBAuDTbmNnlWL_61X9u8gB5SeRmhF58I7raGmGsRGVgHvdGwGRENCfaXkf5_0WxApWoueTn-Q\" alt=\"\" \/><figcaption>A P-26A in the livery of the 19th Pursuit Squadron, Wheeler Field, Hawaii. [Courtesy: USAF Museum]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cndimages.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com\/breaking-news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/26094125\/srLqoztSLAzucF16hdvsXffglfT1pYczJgU07laKRc90OthLiB-t6DBaS_0lDRFEdld48JHTReFYR7JHyd9nQFkee73ioIMFAdBnhXDhNONcsbYHbzQxEFmuz2iWSJfITUljqaUrxmPzPywT_BAoCsHXpp5LPvPnC-YujoYmesUwP31AZ-VvSAlPpA\" alt=\"\" \/><figcaption>A Martin B-12A of 31st Bomb Squadron at Hamilton Field, California. [Photo: Public Domain]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cndimages.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com\/breaking-news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/26094129\/HvfG82OznrJ_fGaB9tOxv2F1HJLFLrGT3JRaP-24eK4dYsOBREMCQdKT7LovGQRYqkT7dyvNa8-ovV24ieyAbyLjvej2Z3TaAX3-eWeCSMMsFFWnLs44gku9P8mDKCESZt776fEBqiQWoPR0FG7tB5yK2DKqcHs8xmBr89mWRpQjuPkSbAPFMkI_Q\" alt=\"\" \/><figcaption>A SPAD S.XIII in livery of Capt. Eddie Rickenbacker, 94th Aero Squadron at the National Museum of the United States Air Force. [Credit: U.S. Air Force]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Millions across the nation and around the world celebrated the 75th anniversary of the United States Air Force on September 18, 2022. FLYING also celebrates this \u201cbirthday\u201d and salutes the<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1658242,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mo_disable_npp":"","fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1658240","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.conservativenewsdaily.net\/breaking-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1658240","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.conservativenewsdaily.net\/breaking-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.conservativenewsdaily.net\/breaking-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.conservativenewsdaily.net\/breaking-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.conservativenewsdaily.net\/breaking-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1658240"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.conservativenewsdaily.net\/breaking-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1658240\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.conservativenewsdaily.net\/breaking-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1658242"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.conservativenewsdaily.net\/breaking-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1658240"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.conservativenewsdaily.net\/breaking-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1658240"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.conservativenewsdaily.net\/breaking-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1658240"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}